Deliverables: Indigenous

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2020

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Our Children, Our Future: The Health and Well-being of First Nations Children in Manitoba
Chartier M, Brownell M, Star L, Murdock N, Campbell R, Phillips-Beck W, Meade C, Au W, Schultz J, Bowes JM, Cochrane B

The purpose of this report is to provide a sound baseline measure of how First Nations children are doing in order to determine if children’s lives are improving as a result of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s Calls to Action. The present report was requested by the Healthy Child Committee of Cabinet to focus on First Nations children in Manitoba and to provide valuable information on their health and well-being – similar to Child Health Atlas reports previously prepared by Manitoba Centre for Health Policy (MCHP). The research team includes members from MCHP, First Nations Health and Social Secretariat of Manitoba (FNHSSM) and Manitoba First Nations Education Resource Centre (MFNERC). The analyses provide comparisons between First Nations children and all other Manitoba children, comparisons between on and off reserve First Nations, and regional comparisons by Regional Health Authority and by Tribal Council Areas. Large disparities between First Nations children and other Manitoba children were found in birth outcomes, physical health, mental health, health & prevention services, education, social services, justice system involvement and mortality. These results must be understood within the broader historical, social, legal and political context.

Report (PDF)
Summary (PDF)
Updates and Errata (PDF)
Additional Materials

Type 2 Diabetes in Manitoba
Ruth C, Sellers E, Chartrand C, McLeod L, Prior H, Sirski M, Dragan R, Chen H, McDougall C, Schultz J

This deliverable, undertaken in partnership with The First Nation Health and Social Secretariat of Manitoba provides an analysis of trends in incidence and prevalence of for all types of non-gestational diabetes from the 1985 to 2017 allowing comparison to national and international statistics. Then, using the wealth of data within the Repository, especially the Diabetes Education Resource for Children and Adolescents (DER-CA) clinical database, Manitobans diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were identified and their outcomes over the last 6 years were described. This includes diabetes control, complications, mortality and health service use including hospitalizations, continuity of primary care and specialist care. Multiple analyses were undertaken to examine whether the care received by Manitobans living with T2DM met current guidelines. There are also a number of special analyses in cohorts of people matched to those without diabetes for childhood onset T2DM, T2DM in pregnancy, and for mental health outcomes in adults. Information is presented for different age groups, by sex, by health region and by Tribal Council Area and results were compared between registered First Nation Manitobans and all other Manitobans.

Report (PDF)
Summary (PDF)
Updates and Errata (PDF)
Additional Materials

The Overlap Between the Child Welfare and Youth Criminal Justice Systems: Documenting "Cross-Over Kids" in Manitoba
Brownell M, Nickel N, Turnbull L, Au W, Ekuma O, MacWilliam L, McCulloch S, Valdivia J, Boram Lee J, Wall-Wieler E, Enns J

This study investigated the relationship between the child welfare and the youth criminal justice systems. It included analyses of characteristics of children and youth involved in both systems, such as mental disorders, developmental disabilities, and school achievement. The main objectives of the project were to: 1). Quantify the overlap between involvement with the child welfare system and the youth criminal justice system; and 2). Identify the characteristics associated with involvement in both systems. For most analyses a 1994 birth cohort was followed to describe child welfare system involvement, youth justice system involvement, and health and social outcomes into young adulthood. Recognizing the over-representation of Indigenous children and youth in both systems, the report provides context on a description of that over-representation.

Report (PDF)
Summary (PDF)
Updates and Errata (PDF)
Additional Materials

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2019

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The Health Status of and Access to Healthcare by Registered First Nation Peoples in Manitoba
Katz A, Avery Kinew K, Star L, Taylor C, Koseva I, Lavoie J, Burchill C, Urquia M, Basham A, Rajotte L, Ramayanam V, Jarmasz J, Burchill S

This deliverable is the product of a strong and developing relationship between MCHP and the First Nations Health and Social Secretariat of Manitoba. It looks at health and healthcare use patterns of First Nations people living in Manitoba. The analyses provide comparisons between First Nations and all other Manitobans, comparisons between on and off reserve First Nations, and regional comparisons by Regional Health Authority and by Tribal Council Areas. It is the first study to use the Regional Health Survey which includes on-reserve First Nation peoples. The results demonstrate the widening gap between the health of First Nations and all other Manitobans and point to inequities in service provision.

Report (PDF)
Summary (PDF)
Updates and Errata (PDF)
Additional Materials

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2018

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Exploring Tuberculosis Treatment, Management, and Prevention in Manitoba's Administrative Health Data
Lix LM, Plourde PJ, Larcombe L, Kinew KA, Basham CA, Derksen S, Srisakuldee W, Schultz J, McCulloch S

This report, produced in collaboration with First Nations partners, linked the Manitoba Tuberculosis (TB) Registry to other administrative health databases to investigate the health, healthcare use, and outcomes of people with active TB disease. In addition, we examined the health and outcomes of people receiving treatment for a latent (i.e., sleeping) TB infection; these people were identified from Manitoba’s prescription drug data. We looked at all active TB cases and treated latent TB cases in Manitoba spanning 15 years (1999-2014). People with active TB had high rates of health service use around the time of diagnosis. Persons with latent TB demonstrated treatment completion rates that may not be high enough to prevent TB from spreading, suggesting a need for better treatments that make it easier for patients to complete their treatment. The data tell us that there is still room for improvement in many areas to help identify persons with active and latent TB across Manitoba as early as possible. As well, funding for new technology and research is essential to help with monitoring new TB cases, so that healthcare providers can act quickly to curb the spread of TB. Manitoba has the highest rate of TB of all Canadian provinces. With adequate funding and the support of partners in TB monitoring and care, the goal of TB elimination in Manitoba is realistic.

Report (PDF)
Summary (PDF)
Additional Materials

The PAX Program in Manitoba: A Population-Based Analysis of Children's Outcomes
Brownell M, Chartier M, Au W, Schultz J, Stevenson D, Mayer T, Young V, Thomson T, Towns D, Hong S, McCulloch S, Burchill S, Jarmasz J

PAX was piloted in almost 200 schools with close to 5000 Grade 1 students across the province in the 2011/12 school year in a cluster randomized controlled trial implemented by Healthy Child Manitoba. The first part of this deliverable involved transferring the PAX datasets to the Manitoba Population Research Data Repository where these data were assessed through the standard Data Quality Programs. The metadata (e.g. data model, data dictionary) for the databases were developed and an assessment of the content of fields completed. The second part of the deliverable involved linking the PAX datasets with other data in the Repository to evaluate the impact of PAX on outcomes at the end of grade 1, in grade 3 and up to grade 4.

Report (PDF)
Summary (PDF)
Additional Materials

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2015

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The Educational Outcomes of Children in Care in Manitoba
Brownell M, Chartier M, Au W, MacWilliam L, Schultz J, Guenette W, Valdivia J

This report presents descriptive and statistical analyses regarding children placed in the care of Manitoba Child and Family Services. The Manitoba Centre for Health Policy (MCHP) was asked to identify factors that contribute to the educational success of children in care in Manitoba and to make recommendations regarding what schools, school districts and the provincial Department of Education and Advanced Learning could to do to further contribute to the educational success of students in care. In order to fulfill this request, MCHP identified 5 main objectives for this report, and each of these will be addressed in this presentation: 1) describe the characteristics of children in care in Manitoba; 2) describe the educational outcomes of children in care in Manitoba; 3) identify factors that are associated with positive (and negative) educational outcomes for children in care in Manitoba; 4) provide information on programs that improve educational outcomes for children in care; and 5) provide recommendations on how educational outcomes for children in care can be improved in Manitoba.

Report (PDF)
Summary (PDF)
Additional Materials

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2010

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Profile of Metis Health Status and Healthcare Utilization in Manitoba: A Population-Based Study
Martens PJ, Bartlett J, Burland E, Prior H, Burchill C, Huq S, Romphf L, Sanguins J, Carter S, Bailly A

It's widely known that the health of aboriginal populations in Canada lags behind that of other Canadians. In 2002, the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy (MCHP) published a report titled The Health and Health Care Use of Registered First Nations People Living in Manitoba: A Population-Based Study. The research project demonstrated that Registered First Nations people have shorter life expectancy and higher morbidity than other Manitobans, however, little has been published on the health of Aboriginals who do not have Status, such as Metis. This collaborative study between Manitoba Health, MCHP and the Manitoba Metis Federation (MMF) examines the health of the Metis population of Manitoba with indicators such as physical illness, hospital services, educational success, and the use of social services. There are some good findings and some that are troubling.

Report (PDF)
Summary (PDF)
Updates and Errata (PDF)
Additional Materials

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2002

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The Health and Health Care Use of Registered First Nations People Living in Manitoba: A Population-Based Study
Martens PJ, Bond R, Jebamani L, Burchill C, Roos NP, Derksen S, Beaulieu M, Steinbach C, MacWilliam L, Walld R, Dik N, Sanderson D, Health Information and Research Committee AoMC, Tanner-Spence M, Leader A, Elias B, O'Neil J

MCHP worked collaboratively with the Health Information and Research Committee of the Assembly of Manitoba Chiefs to provide indicators about the health of Registered First Nations people in Manitoba. Unique to this study was the opportunity to work with updated and complete information on all persons having band membership in a Manitoba First Nations community.

Report (PDF)
Summary (PDF)
Additional Materials