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GENERAL GUIDELINES:
Windows in SAS
File management

The SAS Program
Program syntax
Debugging tips

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 USING SAS PROGRAMMING TO: 
   

1. Prepare the data set 
   Types of data 
   Example programs    
    
2. View the data
   SAS Procedures
  
3. Explore the data  
   Numeric statistics    
   Frequency tables    
    
4. Manipulate the data  
   Basic techniques    
   New variables
  
5. Adding Variables and 
Observations to Data Sets
   The SET Statement
   The MERGE Statement

6. Data Processing
   ARRAY Statement
   Do Loops
   By-Group Processing
   RETAIN Statement

  
NON-PROGRAMMING 
      Alternatives

 
SAMPLE DATA SETS: 
 Height/weight
 Height/weight/region
 Simulated clinical data 
 Simulated Manitoba Health 
    

The "NOTE: Invalid data..." in the log below indicates a problem with the values for the VISIT variable for 2 observations. Further investigation found values missing for two observations, as per the PROC PRINT in the output. 131 ***********************************************; 132 * f=My SAS Files\sasmanual\clinical_cr *; 133 * *; 134 *This file creates the "clinical" SAS data *; 135 *set. Code is included for saving it as a *; 136 *permanent or temporary SAS data set: *; 137 * 1) Permanent - ensure an asterisk begins the*; 138 * statement "data clinical" and that *; 139 * no asterisk precedes *; 140 * "data mydir.clinical" *; 141 * 2) Temporary - ensure an asterisk precedes *; 142 * the statement "data mydir.clinical" *; 143 * and that no asterisk precedes "data *; 144 * clinical". Also, the libname *; 145 * statement is not needed. *; 146 ***********************************************; 147 148 options ls=min; 149 150 %include 'c:\My Documents\My SAS 150! Files\sasmanual\formats\clinical_fmt.sas'; NOTE: Format $GENDER has been output. NOTE: Format $DXCODES has been output. NOTE: Format $YESNO has been output. NOTE: PROCEDURE FORMAT used: real time 0.60 seconds 180 181 libname mydir 'c:\My Documents\My SAS Files\sasmanual\data' 181! ; NOTE: Libref MYDIR was successfully assigned as follows: Engine: V7 Physical Name: c:\My Documents\My SAS Files\sasmanual\data 182 filename clinread 'c:\My Documents\My SAS 182! Files\sasmanual\data\clinical.dat'; 183 184 data mydir.clinical; /* SAVE AS PERMANENT SAS DATA SET*/ 185 *data clinical; /* SAVE AS TEMPORARY SAS DATA SET*/ 186 infile clinread; 187 input @1 id $3. 188 @4 gender $1. 189 @5 dob MMDDYY6. 190 @11 visit MMDDYY6. 191 @17 prim_dx $2. 192 @19 sec_dx $2. 193 @21 hr 3. 194 @24 sbp 3. 195 @27 dbp 3. 196 @30 vitamins $1. 197 @31 pregnant $1.; 198 199 LABEL id = 'Pt. Number' 200 gender = 'Gender' 201 dob = 'Date of Birth' 202 visit = 'Visit Date' 203 prim_dx = 'Primary DX' 204 sec_dx = 'Secondary DX' 205 hr = 'Heart Rate' 206 sbp = 'Systolic Blood Pressure' 207 dbp = 'Diastolic Blood Pressure' 208 vitamins = 'Pt. Taking Vitamins?' 209 pregnant = 'Is Pt. Pregnant?'; 210 211 run; NOTE: The infile CLINREAD is: File Name=c:\My Documents\My SAS Files\sasmanual\data\clinical.dat, RECFM=V,LRECL=256 NOTE: Invalid data for visit in line 12 11-16. RULE: ----+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5---- 12 324F01011075119506 08620010010 31 id=324 gender=F dob=18263 visit=. prim_dx=06 sec_dx= hr=86 sbp=200 dbp=100 vitamins=1 pregnant=0 _ERROR_=1 _N_=12 NOTE: Invalid data for visit in line 13 11-16. 13 012F100908760195030809018409800 31 id=012 gender=F dob=17814 visit=. prim_dx=03 sec_dx=08 hr=90 sbp=184 dbp=98 vitamins=0 pregnant=0 _ERROR_=1 _N_=13 NOTE: 34 records were read from the infile CLINREAD. The minimum record length was 31. The maximum record length was 31. NOTE: The data set MYDIR.CLINICAL has 34 observations and 11 variables. NOTE: DATA statement used: real time 1.20 seconds 212 213 proc contents data=mydir.clinical; 214 run; NOTE: PROCEDURE CONTENTS used: real time 2.62 seconds 215 216 proc print data=mydir.clinical; 217 run; NOTE: PROCEDURE PRINT used: real time 0.22 seconds 218 219 proc print data=mydir.clinical; 220 format prim_dx sec_dx $dxcodes. 221 dob visit mmddyy8. 222 gender $gender. 223 vitamins pregnant $yesno.; 224 run; NOTE: PROCEDURE PRINT used: real time 0.33 seconds